ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acne is a common disease in adolescents, but there are no epidemiological data for acne in Brazil. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence and degree of acne in adolescents from Sao Paulo and study socio-demographic factors, family history and lifestyle, associated with the disease. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 452 adolescents aged between 10 and 17 (mean=13.3 years), students from elementary and high school, examined by 3 independent evaluators. RESULTS: 62.4% were female, 85.8% white and 6.4% were aged 14. The prevalence was 96.0% and increased with age - all students over 14 had acne. The most prevalent form of acne was comedonal (61.1%), followed by mild (30.6%) and moderate (7.6%) papular-pustular, which affected mostly the face (97.5%). About half of the adolescents reported family history for acne in mother or father, and 20.6% reported previous treatment for acne. There was a higher chance of presenting non-comedonal acne with increased age (p<0.001). DISCUSSION: The prevalence of acne in adolescents varies widely due to the clinical features and diagnostic methods used. Adolescents whose brothers/sisters had acne (OR=1.7-p=0.027) and those over 13 (OR=8.3-p<0.001), were more likely to have non-comedonal acne. CONCLUSION: This study showed high prevalence of acne in adolescents from Sao Paulo, predominantly the comedonal form on the face, with a higher chance of presenting non-comedonal acne with increased age. .
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Acne Vulgaris/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Age Factors , Acne Vulgaris/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Educational Status , Logistic Models , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Distribution , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
Introdução: Os cânceres de pele mais comuns são os carcinomas basocelulares, que ocorrem frequentemente na face.Os pacientes se preocupam muito com os danos estéticos e funcionais, sendo a cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs terapêutica segura que permite preservação tecidual com mínimos danos estéticos. Objetivo: Avaliar se o uso da cirurgia de Mohs no tratamento dos carcinomas basocelulares, localizados em áreas esteticamente importantes da face, preserva tecido sadio.Métodos: Foram incluídas 49 cirurgias para tratar tumores com localização peribucal, periocular, orelha e asa nasal, em 2008, na Faculdade de Medicina do ABC. Os tumores foram agrupados conforme características clínicas e histológicas, e as margens obtidas foram analisadas e comparadas com as recomendadas pela literatura. Os pacientes foramreavaliados após dois anos. Resultados: As medianas das margens removidas com a cirurgia de Mohs foram muito menores do que as recomendadas para cirurgia excisional, com importante preservaçãotecidual. Conclusão: A cirurgia de Mohs permitiu importante preservação de tecido sadio (56%-86%) no tratamento dos carcinomas basocelulares localizados em áreas esteticamente importantes face, com mínimos danos. Indicamos a cirurgia de Mohs como opção terapêutica segura e estética no tratamento dos carcinomas basocelulares faciais.
Introduction: The most common type of skin cancer is basocellular carcinoma, which frequently occurs on the face.Aesthetic and functional damage during treatment are of great concern to patients; Mohs Micrographic Surgery is a safe treatment that allows tissular preservation with minimum aesthetic damage. Objective:To evaluate whether using Mohs Micrographic Surgery to treat basocellular carcinomas located in aesthetically important areas of the face preserves healthy tissue. Methods: Surgical procedures (n = 49) performed in the ABC Medical School in 2008 to treat tumors located in the peribuccal, periocular and alar areas, and in the ears, were evaluated.The tumors were classified according to clinical and histological features, and the surgical margins were analyzed and compared to those recommended by the literature.The patients were re-evaluated 2 years after treatment. Results: The margins removed by Mohs Micrographic Surgery were much smaller than those recommended for excisional surgery, with important tissular preservation. Conclusion: Mohs Micrographic Surgery permitted the preservation of healthy tissue (56-86%) in the treatment of basocellular carcinomas located in aesthetically important areas of the face, with minimal damage.Thus it is a safe therapeutic and aesthetical option in the treatment of facial basocellular carcinomas.